Thursday, November 28, 2019

Case Analysis of Sunflower Incorporated Essay Example

Case Analysis of Sunflower Incorporated Paper Sunflower Case Is a large distribution company that purchases and distributes salty snack foods and liquors throughout the united States and Canada. The company employs over 5,000 employees and has gross sales of over $700 million. The head office has encouraged each of its regions to operate separately in order to accommodate different tastes and preferences. When studied, it was determined that the profits across the regions varied widely and the decision was made that the process needed to be standardized in order to Increase profits, capture market share ND ensure quality remained at an acceptable level so not to tarnish the Image of Sunflower. This decision created the need to hire Agnes Lebanese as Director of Pricing and Purchasing to implement the planned change throughout the organization. The Four-step General Model of Planned Change was not properly followed in the proposed changes in the organization although portions of it were used. Mr.. Statesman, the President of Sunflower, did engage In entering and contracting when he hired Agnes Lebanese as Director of Pricing and Purchasing to Implement the planned change throughout the organization. Statesman felt that such standardization was necessary in order to avoid market loss and a decrease in quality-control due to the practice being employed in some regions to purchase lower-quality items including seconds in order to boost the profit margins. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Analysis of Sunflower Incorporated specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Case Analysis of Sunflower Incorporated specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Case Analysis of Sunflower Incorporated specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However, Statesman failed to carry out the next step In entering and contracting and while he defined the problem, he did not establish a collaborative environment and instead simply fired off memos and notified parties Involved through a company newsletter. In addition, Statesman as well as Mr.. Mobile, whom Lebanese reported to, gave Lebanese great latitude and encouraged her to establish whatever rules were necessary to carry out the changes. In this environment, neither Statesman nor Mobile established specific responsibilities that Lebanese was to carry out other than the goal of standardization. They failed to become Involved In the strategy set up by Lebanese. Lebanese was encouraged to gather as much Information from each region as possible so that she could understand the problems facing the organization, and she appeared to do so but on a very rushed timeline. Diagnosing, the second step in the Four-step General Model of Planned Change, was tempted by Lebanese as she was encouraged to gather as much information from each region as possible so that she could understand the problems facing the organization. Unfortunately, this task took place on such a rushed timeline that there was no way for Lebanese to take all of the factors Into account for each region. The change program that Lebanese wanted to implement may have been a step in the right direction toward standardization, but it did not accurately take into account several of the issues that the organization was also concerned about including low quality products. Lebanese only focused on increasing the profit margins. After only three weeks on the Job, Lebanese decided to institute a policy that pricing and purchasing echelons Decode standardize Ana to Deign tons step Tanat seen De notified of any change in local prices that exceeded a threshold of 3% or any purchases exceeding $5,000. Mobile agreed to the new policy and worked with Lebanese to submit a formal policy to the president and board of directors who ultimately approved the plan. One of Lebanese critical errors in the model of change was her decision to implement the new procedures right away which meant hey would be go into effect prior to the peak holiday season for Sunflower. In diagnosing what needed to happen, Lebanese should have realized that it would be impossible for the regions to undergo such standardization during a time when decisions and orders needed to be filled rapidly and without interruption. Also, the idea that such a low threshold of change required centralized approval was somewhat unrealistic without looking further into what is a reasonable amount of change expected in local prices. With low quality items becoming an issue, Lebanese addressed price only and did not appear to diagnose how to correct quality control. Statesman and Mobile should have provided more feedback and assisted Lebanese with the data as well as the implications of change within the organization in order to ensure she was in fact addressing the issues that needed to be corrected. The third step which is planning and implementing change also seemed to occur too quickly to be effective. Lebanese did not take the time to design interventions so that she would be able to achieve the organizations vision or goal of standardization. The goals were not clearly set so it would have been impossible to determine whether or not they have been reached. In addition, Lebanese needed to properly consider the culture and power distributions as well as skills and abilities of the change agents in place to properly put the change in motion during the peak season for the organization. The very nature of each region requiring separate items and contracts to cater to specific markets made the idea of centralizing all decisions difficult even under the best of change implementation. However, the idea to communicate the change through email while a good first step, needed follow up and direct communication planned and discussed with the change agents at each region. Mobile should not have signed off on Lebanese plan to implement such fundamental changes with the only communication being by email. In addition, he should have realized that execution of such an implementation could never take place on such a tight timeline. Properly planning and explaining the implementation process is a critical step in successful execution of any planned change within an organization and glossing over this step with nothing but an email left the entire plan ineffective. If the procedures proposed by Lebanese were so critical that they could not wait to be implemented until after the peak season, Lebanese should have ruefully planned out an implementation process that explained not only the new policies and procedures but encouraged buy in from each of the regions. Lebanese overlooked the importance of getting the region managers to buy in on the new process so that they would not only follow the procedures but also encourage their employees to do the same. Buy-in needs to be established from the top down in order to gain effective change. While the executives agreed with the email distributed by Lebanese, none of them actually followed the new guidelines and Lebanese did not receive any notices from the regions about local prices increasing. I en Tall step In ten process Is evaluating Ana Institutionalizing change tonguing the organization. Clearly, upon evaluation the change program was unsuccessful due to poor planning, implementation and execution. The changes were not continued and the organization continued with usual procedures followed for the particular time of year. Clearly, the plan needed to be modified and specific goals should have been set and agreed upon by not only upper management but by each region. Change is usually difficult but without proper planning and getting the right people on board even the best ideas can be difficult to execute. The strategy employed by Sunflower Incorporated management to plan and implement change was not successful because the change program itself was inadequate. The decision to hire Lebanese to oversee and manage the change program was good as clearly Sunflower needed to increase profits while standardizing procedures. Unfortunately, Lebanese was not given the proper support or direction to effectively manage the change program, and even when Mobile disagreed with Lebanese approach, he did not intervene and insist on a different plan of implementation. Lebanese came up short in her diagnosis of the issues at Sunflower, and her plan of implementation and execution was severely lacking. Communicating with regions through no other form than email is not going to develop the kind of relationship necessary to get buy-in from the regions to follow the newly established policies and procedures. In addition, there should have been one-on-one training explaining exactly what was expected of each region as well as how the change would help the organization to thrive and be successful going forward. Lebanese needed to develop relationships with key people to help communicate the message within the regions so everyone knew exactly how to implement the new policies. If travel was too expensive or time consuming, Lebanese could have provided webbing training where participants could ask questions and she could gain a better sense of the direction of the program. There also needed to be evaluation and feedback so that the change program could be properly measured and adjusted for optimum effectiveness. If I had been in Lebanese position, I would have met with key leaders at each region to discuss each step of the change management program and would have made sure those leaders had bought in to the new policies and procedures being proposed. Such a large change should never have been implemented in such a short time during peak season, and I would have spent those three months planning and garnering support for the program. I also would have developed talking points to help the regions get their employees on board so that they understand the change and how it could help prosper the organization as well as the regions individually. In addition, the quality control issue needed to be properly addressed and a strategy to ensure that all products being sold by Sunflower in fact met the standards and inferior ingredients ere not being used in order to boost profits. More research and planning needed to go into the change program in order for it to be successful. Once the program had been properly diagnosed and planned, careful and monitored implementation should have been executed and Lebanese should have remained in consistent contact with the leaders involved in the changes to the policies and procedures. Clear guidelines should have been set and updated as the change program was evaluated and institutionalized. Change is seldom easy but it becomes even more Doolittle wilt not proper planning Ana communication.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Indefinite Article With Initialisms

Indefinite Article With Initialisms Indefinite Article With Initialisms Indefinite Article With Initialisms By Maeve Maddox Note: An initialism is a group of initial letters, each pronounced separately, used as an abbreviation of a name. Many English speakers who probably use the indefinite article an in front of a vowel when speaking seem to encounter a mental disconnect when it comes to writing. The following examples were found on major news sites or on sites offering professional services or advice: Pieces of the bag recovered have been sent to  a FBI  lab for forensic testing.   The 404 or Not Found error message is  a HTTP  standard response code. Step-by-step tutorial on how to add  a LED  to a USB thumb drive. Applying to a MBA program can help you advance in your career or switch careers entirely. A NBC executive indicated that the independent formatted Nonstop channels were doing well but needed separate 24/7 programming.   There are several benefits to being  a RSVP  Volunteer. Did you setup and assign  a STMP server  for this account? The problem lies in an incomplete understanding of the rule for the use of a and an. Many speakers retain the rule as â€Å"Use an before words that begin with a vowel and a before words that begin with a consonant.† The complete rule is â€Å"Use an before words that begin with a vowel sound and a before words that begin with a consonant sound.† The 26 letters of the alphabet are sound symbols, but the symbols have names. And several of the consonant letters have names that begin with vowel sounds: F [ef] H [aitch] L [el] M [em] N [en] S [es] R [ar] Here’s the correct way to write the words and initialisms given in boldface above: Pieces of the bag recovered have been sent to  an FBI  lab for forensic testing.   The 404 or Not Found error message is  an HTTP  standard response code. Step-by-step tutorial on how to add  an LED  to a USB thumb drive. Applying to an MBA program can help you advance in your career or switch careers entirely. An NBC executive indicated that the independent formatted Nonstop channels were doing well but needed separate 24/7 programming.   There are several benefits to being  an RSVP  Volunteer. Did you setup and assign  an STMP server  for this account? In deciding whether to write a or an in front of an initialism, say the name of the first letter. If the letter name begins with a vowel sound, use an. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Precedent vs. PrecedenceA "Diploma" is not a "Degree"

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Judiciary in England and Wales is not Reflective of Society Research Paper

Judiciary in England and Wales is not Reflective of Society - Research Paper Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that diverse compunctions of the judiciary have higher capacitates of responsiveness to experiences and needs of different legal system subjects. On the other hand, such a judiciary appears reflective of various cultures and backgrounds of the nation served. Another feature of diverse judiciaries is that they are more accountable and responsible for articulating issues of complex legal democracies. Proper co-existence with other forms of government necessitates the inclusion of gender as a judicial diversity dimension. However, gender is a major issue in analyzing the composition of the judiciary of England and Wales. This paper aims at assessing existing literature on the ethnic and gender composition in the English and Wales’ judiciary. The essay will also illustrate the previous efforts of the government in achieving diversity in the judiciary.  Gender is a critical dimension of judicial diversity illustrated by the proportions of positions awarded to the males and females on the judiciary. There are different ways of rationalizing judicial diversity where judicial appointments follow policy and law that promotes equal opportunities. The judiciary needs to show sensitivity to the experiences and needs of the different elements of legal systems where the judiciary requires an illustration of diversity for service as well as diverse judiciary with increased accountability of legal democracies. The current preclusion the gender incorporation dictates the alternative dimension regarding judicial diversity. Features of judicial initiatives towards achieving ethnic and gender diversity are assessed through qualitative and quantitative perceptions and experiences of judicial bias.

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Vietnam- the American roll in that conflict Research Paper

Vietnam- the American roll in that conflict - Research Paper Example Further, from such a level of discussion, it is the hope of this author that the reader will gain a more informed understanding for the nuanced nature and ideological motivations for why the United States saw Vietnam as the figurative â€Å"line in the sand† in which global communism must be defeated and democracy and stated; even by force if necessary. After the conclusion of the Second World War, two superpowers arose. Both the United States and the Soviet Union had collectively helped to free the world from fascism and Japanese imperialism (Pham 19). As a function of this combined victory, both of these superpowers emerged as preeminently dominant over large swaths of territory and by extension, inherently distrustful of one another. Due to the fact that global communism called for a sustained and determined attack upon capital systems and imperial powers, the United States and its allies found themselves on the immediate defensive; attempting to guard against military coup s, proletarian revolution, and any other destabilizing force that the Communist bloc of nations around the globe might foist upon them as a means of weakening the strength of â€Å"the free world†. Due to this sustained and determined attack, then President Truman issued what would become the famous â€Å"Truman doctrine†. This Truman doctrine, further honed, added to, and defined by subsequent presidents, helped to determine the way in which the United States would integrate with communist aggression throughout the world. Ultimately, at its very core, the Truman doctrine stated that it was the express intent of the United States to combat communism at each and every juncture, in each and every location around the globe. After Pres. Truman left the Oval Office, Pres. Dwight Eisenhower further honed the Truman doctrine to an even more aggressive stance (Daddis 234). Dwight D Eisenhower, in 1954, helped to elaborate upon this doctrine of containment and expands upon it b y discussing what has since become known as the â€Å"domino theory†. This domino theory asserts that once a given nation within a particular region as a communist government and stated, then a domino effect will be felt throughout the region; allowing other nations to be weakened and ultimately fault of the influence that a single foothold of global communism can have within a particular region. In retrospect, such a theory seems rather preposterous; equating communism to a type of infectious disease that once rooted within a particular geographic region can somehow spread like a cancer. However, within the spirit of the era, this particular approach was not at odds with reality. Following the Second World War, the French unsuccessfully battled an insurgency within Vietnam, then referred to as Indochina, that eventually saw the French colonial forces retreat in humiliation; leaving Vietnam fertile ground for alternative forms of governance and the influences of communism. As such, in 1955, the United States, in tandem with its CIA assets within the region, backed Vietnamese politician Ngo Dinh Diem to oust Bao Dai from power within South Vietnam this particular study was one of many that helps to define the future relationship and strategy that the United

Monday, November 18, 2019

National Cancer Institute Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

National Cancer Institute - Research Paper Example The theory was grounded on the 1978 physical book The External Control of Organization. The theory of Both Pfeffer and Salancik espoused that external factors controlled or affected the organization’s achievement of its goals and objectives. The entities’ need for external resources was the external control. For example, the restaurants need the food ingredients in order to cook the customer’s food. Consequently, entities implement strategies to maximize the dependence on external resources to efficiently enhance achievement the entities goals and objectives. To accomplish this, both authors insists entities must enter into joint ventures, diversifications, integration, co-optation, and mergers (Johnson, 2009). Question 7: Development of Institutional Theory. Powell, Meyer, Scott, DiMaggion, and Rowan developed the Institutional theory. The theory was developed to explain the cognitive as well as cultural aspect of organizations. The authors insist that the entities’ responses are grounded of factors having miniscule or no relationship to the entities’ organizational efficiency. The authors insist that the entities must fit into an established framework, environment, or system in order to survive. The entities include the normative, cognitive, as well as regulative structures and routines (pillars). For example, the entities must obey the government institutions’ laws rules and sanctions. The entities must not sell cocaine or pollute the environment. Scott observed that the government institutions shaped how entities operate. The government institutions will penalize entities that violate established laws and other statutes. The theory states that as the entity’ s field starts, there is diversity of approach as well as form. As the entities’ environment becomes well established, homogeneity among the entities within a segment starts to develop (Johnson, 2009). The theory indicates that the organization,

Friday, November 15, 2019

Synthetic Cubism and Dadaism Comparison

Synthetic Cubism and Dadaism Comparison Questions of art are always of a great interest and ambiguity of interpretation. Art is a thing, which demands not only the knowledge of the tendencies and styles, but the correct interpretation and perception of them in mind. In the given paper we would touch upon concepts of two famous trends in modern art: cubism and dada. We would as well examine the common technique of these two styles the technique of the collage in art. The collage of dada and the collage of cubism have different functions and our task today is to consider the difference and make certain conclusions, which will be based upon the analyses of the works of the representatives of these tendencies. One of the most interesting and extraordinary movements in art is Dada, also called Dadaism. From the very hearing of this word it may seem that this is somewhat childish, unimportant, and not deep. But in fact, Dadaism means a movement, reflecting beliefs of a group of displeased people. A wave of irrational and concern for wholeness had swept Europe in reaction to ninetieth-century scientism and materialism and was intensified by the World War I (Hugo Ball). Later, the group of European intellectuals invented their own vision of art and tried to bring it into masses. The dada movement first appeared in 1916 and its ideas continued developing up to 1923. The basis for this artistic and literary movement was the horror of the war actions of those times. People had to run away from their homes and hide, to escape somewhere to those places, to find shelter and to become refugees somewhere (mostly in the towns of New York, Barcelona and Zurich), where they would feel themselves comfortable and hope for surviving and returning to their homeland. These people, especially the ones from Germany and France, were so angry with their government, they could not understand how it was possible to let the war happen and to take away so many lives of innocent people. They became so indignant and as a protest to all this, they created the small group of like-minded persons and developed their ideas through the artistic and literary activity. Some of the most famous founders of Dadaism were: Jean Arp, Richard Hulsenbeck, Tristan Tzara, Marcel Janco, and Emmy Hennings. People supporters of dada had one and the only rule: never follow any rules. They d id not miss any public opportunity to show their protest to nationalism, materialism or any other traits, which may lead to the war. They did not think a lot about the name of their movement, they took the first word they saw in a German French dictionary and were glad that it meant baby talk from French, because their literary and artistic activity reminded of the clumsy, weird things, little children usually do. Dada also means yes-yes from Russian and there-there from German. The multiple-meaning and such a nonsense word especially depicted diversity of Dada ideas. People, who founded Dadaism, were not real masters of art and literature. They were laymen, believing that if there can be chaos in the system of government, there can be chaos in art too. So, dada representatives can be hardly called people of art, and their art, in fact, can be called non-art, created by non-artists. They were of strong belief, that if the society has no sense, the art must not also have any meaning. They were all laughing at bourgeois society and trying to get free of bourgeois way of life and habits. The participants said: Dads is irony, Dada is politics, Dada will kick you in the behind (Sarah Ganz Blythe). Hugo Ball, one of the leaders of such a movement, even wrote the Dada Manifesto, where he carefully explains the meaning of the word together with the movements common features. He says, that the most effective and the quickest way to become famous is to say dada (which means to follow Dada tendencies). One needs nothing to perform his artistic work: neither the talent, nor the knowledge. So, later Dadaists even began to add nonsense to famous art masterpieces, probably because of the lack of personal ideas. As an example, one of the dada artists Marcel Duchamp introduced his work: he painted a moustache on a copy of Mona Lisa, considering it to become perfect. Another dada master in a sphere of sculpture, performed his famous masterpiece The Fountain, which appeared to be a copy of an ugly urinal. And the alike works were introduced very often, one better than another. Of course the public could not react calmly on such an expression of talent and they were really irritated. But Dada followers were not sad about this, on the contrary, they found it very encouraging and even inspiring. To cause outrage and disgust of people was one of the aims of Dada works. Dada is the groundwork to abstract art and sound poetry, a starting point for performance art, a prelude to postmodernism, an influence on pop art, a celebration of anti-art to be later embraced for anarchy-political uses in the 1960s and the movement that lay the foundation for Surrealism. And indeed, if to remember the main features of postmodernism, surrealism and even futurism, one may definitely find common traits with dada. At those times it was considered to be outrageous, uncommon and breaking the existing ways of expressing art, but now it does not cause rude and disgusting feelings, because we already got used to this kind of art, and it is now easier to call it art than it was before. The only word for dada at those times was anti-art, because the meaning of art was not so wide. It was not that easy to introduce something new and to expect it to be treated like s piece of art, comparing with today: painting with the spray on the walls is art, which has a modern name graff iti. Almost all what appears and comes to the peoples life spontaneously, disappears in the same way. Dada is not an exception. In 1923, after several years of scandalous existence, Dadaism exhausted itself. Today, over ninety years later it is acknowledged as one of the twentieth-centurys most important avant-garde movements (Anne Umland). Of course, as it was said earlier, some of its features couldà Ã‚ ² not but remain and revive later, but dada as an anti-art movement dissolved itself forever. Another style of art we shall speak about is cubism. At first it appeared as an idea, and later developed into the separate style of art, characterized by three main features: geometricity, simultaneity and passage (the overlapping and interpenetration of planes). The ideas of cubism appeared in 1907 and the traits of it we may still see in the modern art. This is a style, which one of the numbers of styles managed to remain and develop through the flow of time and perform even now, it managed to save its individuality on the background of thousands of other different styles and genres. The thing is that cubists` artists tried to depict things not as we see them, but as they really are. There is also a view, which says that cubism in some of its works depicts things in different dimensions. The first works in the style of cubism are considered to be found in Picassos Les Demoiselles dAvignon (1907), where he keeps to the three main features of this wonderful style. But in fact, it is difficult to say that these very works were the initial ones of cubism style, because they were not shown to the public from the very beginning. Other scientists believe, that the first Cubist paintings were made by Georges Braques in his series of LEstaque landscapes executed in 1908. Nevertheless, from this very time the movement of Cubism began to develop very rapidly and it was met by the publicity with great interest and great delight. As Cubism is not a quickly forgotten movement and it is still appreciated by the modern artists, it is important to say that Cubism has undergone a series of changes through its development. It has four main stages: Early Cubism or Cà ©zannisme (1908-1910), Analytic Cubism (1910-12), Synthetic Cubism (1912-1914) and Late Cubism (1915-present). Analytic Cubism is characterized by the careful development of Cubism as a style and formation of the exact features of it. The two main artists, representing this period are Picasso and Braque. They work hard by inventing different forms and shapes and the way of depicting them on the canvas. Synthetic cubism grew out of analytic cubism. Picasso together with Braque understood that using analytical shapes, symbols and forms their works became more generalized and simplified. They did not stop inventing other means of expressing real objects and came to a wonderful discovery. Now they used fragments of everyday things: newspapers, playing cards, sheets of paper and so on and so forth to depict the interaction of present life and art. Picasso was not afraid of experiments; he wanted to discover the completely new style of art, which would depict the new outlook of the people of those times. And this later helped them to make one and great artistic technique: collage. The definition of collage is quite simple and may seem abstract. Collage is pasting little pieces of different materials onto paper or canvas. These may be sheets of newspaper, cloths, photos, bank notes, wool, thin wood particles, ribbons or any other things. It is all done to feel the image better and for better perception of it. Picasso`s ideas to show the image in several dimensions almost came true: he managed to create pictures in two- and even three-dimensions. Picasso, as well as Braque a little later, tried to take objects as they were, without any deviations, and exactly this desire pushed them to the invention of the new artistic technique. With the flow of time these two great artists were totally sure, that some of the materials possess a completely unique expressiveness. Pablo Picasso wanted to stop the visual perception of art and to start the era of the new one tactile sensing perception. This is the important philosophical tendency, aiming at the distortion of the habitual forms an d creating of the new way of thinking and new reality, which is, in its turn, not an easy task. If to speak about the collage of cubism, it is obvious that it influences the personal perception of the object, confirms the instability of the world, changeability of unchangeable things, by creating new images. The image of the collage tends to erase the borders of the space. Breaking up the plane of the picture into several smaller planes creates an incredible effect: the artist goes out of the borders of the picture; he increases the zone of its influence. The author here is a thinker, philosopher and the creator of the world of the picture. The author feels himself the master of the object, he feels that he have an opportunity to rule this object and to manipulate it. As an example, let us take the picture of Picasso Still life with the red paper (1918). After the first glance onto this picture, one may have the double feelings: both incomprehensibility and distinct vision of what happens on the canvas. The thing is that this picture is one of those, which a person can watch an d watch for hours, opening something new for him. At first, we can clearly see the guitar, one playing card, the ornament, the table, the part of the chair, notes, paper, the half of the lemon and so on. The purpose of these things on the table is unclear but this is not the point. What is peculiar is a vivid feature of the collage there are several borders on the picture, and from time to time they appear in different places. This is a kind of a mystic, because with the special technique Picasso managed to increase the perception of the picture from the visual level to the abstract, imaginary one. The viewer can not but dream, fancy about the picture, watching thoroughly onto every detail on the table and trying to put sense to all this. Here we can one more time be convinced that the author of this work is a master of own reality, he is a master of constructivism: he tries to create something new and he has not any borders and limitations. This is a great power to create your ow n world with the objects of the given reality, because the author himself is God, creating his own world. It may also seem that this picture is nothing more but the heap of useless things, but if we think a little, we will understand that this still life is a complete reflection of our world: unstable, diverse, intricate and unclear. And it needs some changes and innovations, which the author tries to fulfill with the help of his paintings. So, the collage in cubism is mostly the way of constructing the new model of our world and the way to reflect the personal view onto the existing reality. Dadaists offer the new view on the collage technique. Their collage was the incarnation of unclearness, absurdity and chaos. Let us take for example the famous work of Max Ernst The Hat Makes The Man. If we look at this collage, we will understand that there is nothing more but the mockery of people: there is not a single person on the canvas. Only remotely it may remind us of people in hats, if to see the picture from the distance. The thing is, Ernst cut out pictures of hats from different catalogues and glued them to the canvas, previously linked them with each other and created people by drawing cylinders of different colors, joined with each other as well. Apparently, the main thing in the collage is not the number of hats or cylinders, but the unknown emptiness, which is depicted by means of bright colors. Since bright colors were not previously considered to depict sad things, in this case they act perfectly: incompatible is compatible. As it was said before, dada artists wer e not artists themselves, they were protagonists, rebels, people who wanted to change the existing way of life and to show their protest to everyone in the world. Consequently, their art aimed at shocking people, trying to cause different, chaotic and terrible emotions. Moreover we can not but say about the personality of the author of such a collage. The author is individuality, and the way he influences the audience is also individual. The way each person from the audience percepts the picture in an individual way. But still, the effect is always almost the same: shock and zero understanding. And, it must be said that they managed to do it. Maybe, the love to the unknown is considered to be born exactly in this period of time. All the Dada works represent the complete nihilism; they aim at the total distortion of humans` brains, at the rejection of any hint of logic. As a conclusion we can say, that collage in dada movement and in cubism perform different functions. Dada collage represents the ideas of chaos and the absence of logic, whereas in the movement of cubism collage is the means of creating new, individual reality on the basis of the subjective point of view of the author. Nevertheless, collage is a good form of expressing feelings and inner emotions, never mind that in different areas it means different things.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

The Yellow Wall-Paper -- Literary Analysis, Gilman

In the â€Å"The Yellow Wall-paper,† the author, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, writes about a struggling mentally ill woman, named Jane, trying to work through her individuality and her own depression. This story is centered around her bedroom, her mental state, and the yellow wall-paper on the walls in her room. The reader can easily feel the pain, anguish, despair, and struggles of a woman going through a depressive state. Gilman writes about the individual succession of the woman’s mental state through the disarray of the patterned yellow wall-paper. The theme of feminism is exposed by the main characters use of language, her feelings of inferiority, mental struggles, and anger. The language of the narrator in this story is repressive to women, from the beginning and all the way to the end of the story. In the beginning of the story, the language of the narrator appears in a few ways. The ill woman is forbidden by her husband to write in her journal until she is well, to compensate for the loss of work. She feels constricted by her husband to speak freely and writes in a hidden journal. Gilman writes â€Å"I would not say it to a living soul, of course, but this is dead paper and a great relief to my mind† (808). Sad and true, but she doesn’t feel that she can tell her husband how she really feels and â€Å"the only safe language is dead language† (Theichler 61). The language of male judgment and control is predominant in the beginning of the story too. Her husband and brother both are physicians, diagnose her with a nervous condition, and both believe she will be fine with medicine and rest. The men in her life believe she should no t work, and they emphasize that she â€Å"take phosphates or phosphites--whichever it is--and tonics, and journeys,... ...the wall-paper torn from the wall, and he finds the woman creeping about the room, and faints. The narrator declares, â€Å"I’ve got out at last,† said I, â€Å"in spite of you and Jane! And I’ve pulled off most of the paper, so you can’t put me back† (Gilman 819). The narrator finally wins the battle of escaping her imprisonment of John the controlling husband. Jane is finally free of her depression and of her husband’s dominance. It temporarily cost her, her sanity to the point where images were being projected from the yellow wall-paper. The paper was a part of Jane’s neurosis, but also crept into the entire household. In order to cope with the madness Jane found her inner self is an image of a creeping woman trying to escape the patterned wall-paper. In order to escape her suppression, Jane immersed herself further into her insanity to become sane once again. The Yellow Wall-Paper -- Literary Analysis, Gilman In the â€Å"The Yellow Wall-paper,† the author, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, writes about a struggling mentally ill woman, named Jane, trying to work through her individuality and her own depression. This story is centered around her bedroom, her mental state, and the yellow wall-paper on the walls in her room. The reader can easily feel the pain, anguish, despair, and struggles of a woman going through a depressive state. Gilman writes about the individual succession of the woman’s mental state through the disarray of the patterned yellow wall-paper. The theme of feminism is exposed by the main characters use of language, her feelings of inferiority, mental struggles, and anger. The language of the narrator in this story is repressive to women, from the beginning and all the way to the end of the story. In the beginning of the story, the language of the narrator appears in a few ways. The ill woman is forbidden by her husband to write in her journal until she is well, to compensate for the loss of work. She feels constricted by her husband to speak freely and writes in a hidden journal. Gilman writes â€Å"I would not say it to a living soul, of course, but this is dead paper and a great relief to my mind† (808). Sad and true, but she doesn’t feel that she can tell her husband how she really feels and â€Å"the only safe language is dead language† (Theichler 61). The language of male judgment and control is predominant in the beginning of the story too. Her husband and brother both are physicians, diagnose her with a nervous condition, and both believe she will be fine with medicine and rest. The men in her life believe she should no t work, and they emphasize that she â€Å"take phosphates or phosphites--whichever it is--and tonics, and journeys,... ...the wall-paper torn from the wall, and he finds the woman creeping about the room, and faints. The narrator declares, â€Å"I’ve got out at last,† said I, â€Å"in spite of you and Jane! And I’ve pulled off most of the paper, so you can’t put me back† (Gilman 819). The narrator finally wins the battle of escaping her imprisonment of John the controlling husband. Jane is finally free of her depression and of her husband’s dominance. It temporarily cost her, her sanity to the point where images were being projected from the yellow wall-paper. The paper was a part of Jane’s neurosis, but also crept into the entire household. In order to cope with the madness Jane found her inner self is an image of a creeping woman trying to escape the patterned wall-paper. In order to escape her suppression, Jane immersed herself further into her insanity to become sane once again.